Even the novice student of the New Testament will know about the town of Capernaum, often referred to as the headquarters for Yeshua’s ministry in the Galilee. Capernaum is located on the north-western shore of the Sea of Galilee (Kinneret). In antiquity, Capernaum was an important town–large enough to have a Synagogue and a Roman cohort because it was located along ancient trade route which was still being used in the first century A.D.
Capernaum was the eastern-most city in the Galilee region. As such, it was a place where taxes were collected which explained why there was a Roman presence. In fact Capernaum was home to a Roman garrison with at least 100 soldiers indicated by the presence of a Centurion there. (See Luke 2)
In the time of Yeshua, there were more docks in Capernaum than any other town on the Sea of Galilee speaking again to its size and the nature of trade and industry there.
In the photos below, you will notice that much was built from the local rock–Basalt (volcanic rock). The area nearby was covered with a layer of volcanic rock, so that was the common rock used for building.
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